2019考研:英语语法解析之代词 3

2018/5/29 9:53:12 来源: 本站
分享:

  英语水平要提升,光背会单词还不行,还要掌握语法知识。基础复习阶段,遇到的相关语法问题一定要弄懂弄会。下面我们继续一起来学习代词语法知识点。

  五、指示代词

  (一)this,that和these,those

  指示代词this和that的复数形式分别为these和those,在句中可作主语、宾语、表语和定语,this和these表示较近的空间或时间,that和those表示较远的空间和时间。

  例句: In the past, most foresters have been men, but today, the number of women pursuing this field is climbing.

  分析: 该句是并列句。

  译文:过去林业工人多半是男人,可如今从事这一行业的妇女人数在增加。

  例句: We are obliged to them because some of these languages have since vanished, as the peoples who spoke them died out or became assimilated and lost their native languages. (2004年第62题)

  分析: 该句是复合句,主句为We are obliged to them。because引导一个状语从句,定语从句who spoke them修饰the peoples,as引导的句子可以看做插入语,补充说明 some of these languages have since vanished的原因。

  译文:我们之所以感激他们(两位先驱),是因为在此以后,这些语言中有一些已经不复存在了,这是由于使用这些语言的民族或是消亡了,或是被同化而丧失了自己的本族语言。

  (二)指示代词that和those也可用于比较结构,表示前面提到的东西,避免重复

  例句: The number of registered participants in this years marathon was half that of last years. (1996年第7题)

  分析:该句是简单句,本句的主语是单数名词number,因此后面指代它的代词只能是单数that,谓语用单数。

  译文:今年登记参加马拉松赛跑的人数是去年的一半。

  例句: His function is analogous to that of a judge, who must accept the obligation of revealing in as obvious a matter as possible the course of reasoning which led him to his decision. (2006年第47题)

  分析: 该句是复合句,主句为His function is analogous to that of a judge。定语从句who must accept...修饰a judge,介词短语in as obvious a matter as possible作状语,用来说明reveal的方式,另一个定语从句which led him to his decision修饰the course of reasoning。

  译文:他的职责与法官相似,必须承担这样的责任: 用尽可能明了的方式来展示自己作出决定的推理过程。

  例句: These bunches of flowers are more beautiful than those we bought yesterday.

  译文: 这些束花比昨天我们买的那些花漂亮多了。

  (三)指示代词such在句中作主语、表语和定语

  例句: Such is what you want me to do.

  Such are the meanings of authentic love.

  (such作表语时,往往置于句首)

  注意: such用作定语时和副词so的区别在前面副词一节中已提到。

  (四)指示代词same的用法

  在句中作主语、宾语、表语和定语,其前与定冠词the连用。

  例句: Vitamins are similar because they are made of the same elements—usually carbon, hydrogen, oxygen, and sometimes nitrogen. (选自1996年Cloze Test)

  分析: 该句是复合句。

  译文:因为是由同样的元素构成——通常是碳、氢、氧,有时还有氮,所以各种维生素都很相似。

  2025考研人数达388w,考研热度依旧火热!如何备战2026考研?哪个考研专业适合自己?在职考生如何备考?考研知识点繁多,择校困难大,和海天考研咨询老师聊一聊。网课面授多项选,专业辅导1对1全年集训随时学!

中间广告图.jpg

活动专题